The Comparative Genetics and Orthopedic Research Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin–Madison School of Veterinary Medicine had developed a genetic test to determine if a dog is at risk for cruciate ligament ruptures.

Cruciate ligament rupture is one of the more common causes of lameness, pain, and arthritis in a dog’s hind legs.

The cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) is an important structure that stabilizes the knee in a dog’s back leg. In people, it’s called the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

There are several risk factors that can contribute to cruciate ligament disease in dogs. They include:

• Age
• Obesity
• Lack of exercise
• Body conformation
• Breed
• Genetics

The Research Laboratory has developed a genetic test for cruciate ligament disease in Labrador Retrievers, one of the breeds prone to this condition.

The researchers say 5-10% of all Labs will suffer from a cruciate ligament rupture at some point in their lives. They say that for Labs, 62% of the risk for cruciate ligament rupture is genetic and 38% is environmental.

Tests for 2 other high-risk breeds—the Rottweiler and Newfoundland—are now in the works. Additional high-risk breeds include the Staffordshire Terrier, Akita, Mastiff, and St. Bernard.

An article on the new test on the Vet School’s website notes:

Pinpointing whether a dog is more likely to rupture a cruciate ligament due to genetics allows the dog’s owner and veterinarian to take preventative measures, such as keeping the dog physically healthy and monitoring for signs of emerging injury. It can also help avoid the expenses and recovery involved in a rupture.

Surgical treatment for this condition can cost between $4,000 and $7,000 per knee, so prevention is key. Even without genetic testing, keeping your dog active and at a healthy weight can make a big difference in your dog’s overall health.